Full explanation
Evolution of the regime: (1) Original DCFTA 01.01.2016 — quotas for sensitive goods (wheat, maize, oil, sugar, poultry); (2) ATM Reg 2024/1392 (06.06.2024–05.06.2025) — full wartime liberalization with «emergency brake» mechanisms; (3) The emergency brake was triggered for eggs, honey, sugar, oats, and groats under farmer-protest pressure in Poland and Slovakia in 2024; (4) Upgraded DCFTA (Article 29 review) from 29.10.2025 — a permanent expansion less open than ATM but broader than the 2016 DCFTA. Key 2026 quotas: wheat 1M t/yr, maize 650k t, sunflower oil 300k t, sugar 20k t. Over-quota volumes face EUR 95–200/t duties depending on product. Documents: EUR.1 (certificate of origin) via the SFSS, TRACES-NT for phytosanitary goods. Process: the exporter submits EUR.1 per shipment, 3–5 days processing. Main 2025 export destinations: Poland (27%), Spain (16%), Italy (13%), Netherlands (11%), Germany (8%).