Full explanation
ATS types: (1) contactor (fast 40–100 ms switch); (2) motor-operated (more reliable, 200–400 ms, for industrial loads >100 kW); (3) static (STS, Static Transfer Switch, <4 ms — only for IT and medical). Typical farm choice: 3P+N ATS rated 63A, 125A or 250A depending on load. Prices April 2026: 3P 63A UAH 38–55k (Socomec, Schneider), 125A UAH 75–95k. ATS automation provides: (1) detection of voltage loss on main supply (1–5 s delay to filter brief interruptions), (2) start the generator or activate the backup source (diesel readiness 5–15 s), (3) transfer the load to the backup, (4) auto-return after main supply restoration. Farms with grain dryers (peak 50–100 kW) require an ATS + a guaranteed generator sized 1.25× peak.