Rough cocklebur

Seed and fruit

• The 1000-seed weight is 100 g; this is the upper limit of seed weight among weeds.
• The seeds are oval in shape.
• The 1000-seed weight reaches 100 g.
• The seeds are large: the 1000-seed weight is 100 g. Thanks to this, the weed can stand up to any crop.

Life form

• A zoochorous weed: its fruits have special hooks that cling easily to animals, people's clothing and sacks.
• Given as an example of violents: highly competitive plants that use environmental factors better than others. It wins the competition thanks to its large seeds.
• It belongs to the late spring weeds.

Emergence

• Particularly warmth-loving: cocklebur species start to germinate at 10–12 °C and above.
• It can emerge even from a depth of 20–30 cm.

Every fact rests on a quote from its source, and each quote was checked against the page it is printed on.

1. EPPO Global Database · European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
2. Фітосанітарний прогноз Вінницької області на 2025 рік · ГУ Держпродспоживслужби у Вінницькій області
3. Зуза В. С., «Гербологія», монографія, 468 с. · Харківський державний біотехнологічний університет; Харків: Стиль-Издат, 2022 · p. 50, 57, 61, 63, 92, 98
4. Photos: Scott Loarie, iNaturalist, CC0 1.0 · Shizhao, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.5 · Olivier Pichard, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 · Don Loarie, iNaturalist, CC BY 4.0 · Ziegler175, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0